By Jay Luster
“The ability to turn powerful emotions – terrible tragedy – into life-affirming art that helps and heals, music that in our darkest moments gives us hope.”
David Crosby
By May of 1965, The Beach Boys were a worldwide phenomenon. Their record sales were counted in the millions, and they routinely played to sold-out audiences all over the world. The only band that bragged bigger record sales, and audience size were the Beatles. Since charting at #2 with their Introducing The Beatles album, in January 1964, the Fab Four released seven high charting records. During the same period, the Beach Boys released five. Brian Wilson, the primary songwriter, and producer for the band, felt the competition with the Brits keenly and wanted to find a way to equal or outdo their British rivals. He believed the Beatles were getting ahead of his band and felt driven to beat them. For Brian, beating the Beatles had little to do with record sales. For him, it meant artistic achievement.
The Beatles were the original “boy band.” With their mop top hairdos and buttoned-up suits, they were putting out catchy songs that drove throngs of screaming young girls into a frenzy. However, on their December 1965 album Rubber Soul, the Beatles began challenging themselves both lyrically and musically. The new sound was more mature, and Wilson took notice. The Beatles were getting away from simple love songs and becoming more diverse and experimental, with both their words and music. Songs like “In My Life,” “Norwegian Wood,” and “Drive My Car,” were the types of things Brian Wilson found interesting. The Beatles were growing artistically; Wilson saw it, and was inspired by it. Rubber Soul was, as he observed, “a complete album.” He said, "I listened to it, and the songs all sounded like they had come from the same place.
It blew my mind, and I said I've got to do that with the Beach Boys,” He was one of the first people to recognize that rock and roll albums could be both thematic, and entertaining. He took that intriguing idea to his piano, and began writing songs for the album that would eventually be called Pet Sounds.
Having toured, written, and recorded nearly continuously since 1962, Brian Wilson reached his breaking point in December of '64. The Beach Boys were on a plane heading to Hawaii, when Wilson suddenly complained of chest pains and shortness of breath. The plane immediately returned to Los Angeles, and the 22-year-old was rushed to the hospital where he was treated and released for what has been described as a probable panic attack. It was assumed that Brian would get back to touring after he rested, but that wasn't his plan.
After meeting initial resistance from the band, and the record company, with the help of Murray, Brian’s overbearing father, the band, and Capitol acquiesced. The agreement was Brian would stay home and work in the studio writing and recording. The caveat was the Beach Boys would continue producing the hits the label required. Wilson said, “I came off touring because I had the feeling that I was going to record Pet Sounds.” However, before he got to that project, he needed to finish up and release The Beach Boys Today album, as well as the next one, called Summer Days and Summer Nights. Brian wrote the music, and recorded it with a group of studio session players collectively called The Wrecking Crew. With the orchestration completed, when the band returned from their near-constant touring, Brian would rush them into the studio and lay down the vocal tracks for his new songs. Both Today, and Summer Days, showcased Wilson’s evolution as a writer, composer, and arranger.
Until then, the band's best music had been Chuck Berry knock-offs like “Surfin USA'' and “Fun, Fun, Fun,” or romantic ballads like “Surfer Girl” and “Warmth of the Sun.” The fun and sun theme dominated their early music, as did their songs about hot rods. It was a highly successful formula, and to Capitol records, Murray Wilson, and the rest of the band, the formula meant success as measured in dollars.
Whether it was the revving engines in “409,” a great song about a mediocre Chevy motor, or harps and cymbals approximating crashing waves in “Catch a Wave,” Wilson was never afraid to try new, and innovative sounds.
Nevertheless, the band's real stock in trade was their incredible vocal style. Similar to the best of the street-corner doo-wop bands of the late 50's, and Brian’s personal inspiration, the jazz quartet The Four Freshman, The Beach Boys harmonies practically leaped out of the static-riddled AM radio and grabbed the listener by the throat.
Those harmonies featured the Wilson brothers' cousin, Mike Love singing leads, and low harmonies, Brian's brother's Carl, and Dennis, and high school friend Al Jardine filling in the middle, with Brian tying it all together with his, immediately recognizable, soaring falsetto. Together they presented an image as American as cheeseburgers, and apple pie. If the Hollywood movie studios glamorized California, The Beach Boys sexualized it with their sun-soaked images of bikini-clad hotties, gnarly surfer dudes, and macho gear heads in leather jacket's drag-racing tricked-out muscle cars on city streets.
With both the Beach Boys Today, and Summer Days (and Summer Nights) albums, Wilson's compositions grew in both instrumental, and vocal complexity, while still retaining much of the commercial appeal he had promised the suits at Capitol. Featuring a blistering cover of Bobby Freeman's “Do You Want to Dance,” a forerunner of the type of guitar attack punk-rock bands like The Ramones would emulate more than a decade later. It also hinted at what the future held for the Beach Boys. As the song reaches its orgasmic climax, Wilson shoe horned in three saxophones, two mandolins, an organ, and timpani. Further pointing the way forward, the flip side of Today opens with, "Please Let Me Wonder.” It was one of those sappy but, in this case, gorgeous ballads featuring Carl Wilson's softly romantic voice. That gentleness would eventually become famous in the Pet Sounds classic “God Only Knows.” Summer Days (And Summer Nights) included both “California Girls,” and their #1 hit “Help Me Rhonda,” which to Wilson, and Capitol Records satisfaction supplanted the Beatles at the top of the charts. Wilson now believed, with some fairly convincing evidence, he could compete with the Beatles both artistically, and commercially.
Both Today, and Summer Days instrumentations were recorded mostly with The Wrecking Crew. The talent and versatility of those LA session musicians allowed Wilson to put the music he heard in his head, on tape. Exemplifying this is the wildly popular and blatantly sexist surf hit “California Girls,” which Wilson said, "is the Beach Boys main anthem for their whole career." The song illustrates the creative evolution Wilson was experiencing as an artist. The euphonious intro guitar leading into a home on the range bass line, runs through a list of the varied attributes and talents of females by region. Sexism aside, it is one of the bands best songs, and always a welcome staple at the live shows of both Mike Love’s Beach Boys, and Brian Wilson’s solo concerts.
In May, 1966, the Beach Boys released their seminal record, Pet Sounds.
The album is filled with experimentally symphonic songs, and the kids buying it found it somewhat confusing. It was not only unlike any previous Beach Boys record, it was unlike anything they’d ever heard from any rock and roll band. The singles “Sloop John B.,” a joyous cover of a Kingston Trio hit, and “Wouldn’t It Be Nice,” fared well in the charts, but the classic, “God Only Knows” failed to catch-on. The album created a tapestry of moods ranging from naive innocence, to introspective melancholy and personal longing, to childlike exuberance presented with scenic accordions, stacks of gentle horns, plucked piano strings, a Theremin, a passing train, and barking dogs.
Though it reached #10, Capitol records became nervous about its somewhat sluggish sales performance. Six weeks after its release, they pushed out a long-forgotten greatest hit's collection which sabotaged PS on the charts, and deferred its eventual status as one of the most influential records of all-time well into the future. According to Beatles producer George Martin, “Without Pet Sounds, Sgt. Pepper never would have happened. Pepper was an attempt to equal Pet Sounds.” While this was no secret within the rock and roll industry, the public, including Beach Boys fans, wouldn’t know this until many years later. Songs like The Zombies “Time Of The Season,'' The Youngbloods “Let’s Get Together,” The Eagles, “Lyin’ Eyes,” and Toad The Wet Sprocket’s “All I Want,” are the gentle spiritual descendants of Pet Sounds. So why has Brian Wilsons’ masterwork endured and continued influencing generation after generation of artists? Perhaps David Crosby put his finger on it when he said Brian has, “the ability to turn powerful emotions – terrible tragedy – into life-affirming art that helps and heals, music that in our darkest moments gives us hope.”
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